Sinus headaches are characterized by pain and pressure in the front part of the head and in the face. These headaches, which often are worsened by sudden changes in temperature and movement, are caused by problems in the sinus cavities. These problems can stem a number of culprits, including viruses like flu and cold, allergies and bacterial infections. Treating the sinus condition is the best way to alleviate the discomfort associated with sinus headaches.
At-Home Interventions
If you suspect your sinus headache is related to a cold or flu, try drinking plenty of fluids. Water is best, but juice and hot broth also have healthy benefits. Use a vaporizer or humidifier to increase moisture in the air. Another method of doing this is to take a steamy shower. You can make a saline nasal spray by mixing a pint of warm water with a teaspoon of baking soda or salt. If you think your headache stems from allergies, try to avoid specific triggers like certain plants and animals.
Over-the-Counter Interventions
You can treat irritated sinuses with a number of over-the-counter medications. Antihistamines work to reduce sneezing and runny nose. Decongestants can help to thin mucus. Many cold medications combine these two ingredients either in spray, pill or liquid form. Be sure to read the warnings on the drugs before taking them, as some have side effects like drowsiness, and some should not be taken by individuals with pre-existing medical conditions or those who are pregnant or nursing. Sinus medications often are paired with drugs like acetaminophen and ibuprofen, which reduce the pain of the headache.
Physician Interventions
If your headache comes on suddenly or is accompanied by other symptoms such as a high fever, dizziness or vomiting, see a doctor. These symptoms can indicate more serious underlying conditions. If your sinus headache persists longer than 10 to 14 days, visit your physician as well. Your doctor may prescribe you an antibiotic if you have a sinus infection. If allergies are to blame, you may have to take regular allergy medications in order to manage your symptoms. Your doctor also can prescribe stronger forms of antihistamines and decongestants to help relieve your sinus and headache symptoms. In cases of severly infected sinuses or structural problems within the sinus cavities, surgery may be required. No matter which intervention you or your doctor choose, targeting the sinuses first is the best way to treat your sinus headache.
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