Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality, usually diagnosed soon after birth. People with Down syndrome have physical and mental symptoms ranging from mild to severe, such as blood disorders, which can affect red cells, white cells or platelets (thrombocytes).
Thrombocytopenia
A common blood abnormality in newborn babies with Down syndrome is a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia). Platelets are important for blood clotting and reducing blood loss.
Resolution
In Down syndrome babies with low platelet counts and no other complications, the condition usually resolves itself on its own within a few weeks, according to the National Down Syndrome Society (NDSS).
Treatment
Very low platelet counts can cause increased bleeding, including internally, though rarely do they drop so low that platelet transfusions are necessary.
Accompanying Health Conditions
Low platelet count in Down syndrome children is sometimes associated with congenital heart defects or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) involving abnormal bone marrow cells. MDS can progress to leukemia and was formerly lnown as pre-leukemia.
Other Blood Disorders
Other blood disorders common in babies with Down syndrome include increased platelets, low or high white cell counts, rapid growth of abnormal white cells, high red cell counts and enlargement of red blood cells.
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