Eucalyptus is a genus of plants containing over 700 species. The eucalyptus tree is native to Australia and Tasmania. These trees grow rather quickly with some species are among the tallest trees in the world. Eucalyptus is well-known for both its aromatic fragrance and its medicinal properties.
Features
Although the eucalyptus tree is native to Australia and Tasmania it was introduced to the world by German botanist Baron Ferdinand von Muller. It is now cultivated in many countries. There are many species of eucalyptus with some the size of a shrub and others being extremely tall. According to EcoWorld.com the 492 ft. tall eucalyptus at Watts River, Victoria in Australia was the tallest tree ever.
There are four primary subspecies of eucalyptus. The bark of the tree is bluish white and the leaves are leathery. Some trees shed their bark. Most eucalyptus trees have cream colored flowers. Eucalyptus globulus is the best known variety of the eucalyptus species.
Aromatic Uses
Eucalyptus is mostly utilized for its aromatic and medicinal properties. Eucalyptus oil comes from the leaves and is highly pungent. Eucalyptus is a popular oil in aromatherapy. It is often found in soaps and perfume. Eucalyptus oil is an effective deodorizer and is sometimes used as an insect repellent.
Medicinal Properties
Eucalyptus is well known for its medicinal properties. It has antibacterial, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. Eucalyptus is also an expectorant. It reduces the production of mucus. Eucalyptus is a common ingredient of mentholated products. It is found in cough syrups and throat lozenge as well as ointments. Eucalyptus can aid in healing wounds, fighting infection and soothing sore muscles. It is beneficial in treating colds, cough and upper respiratory infections. Eucalyptus stimulates the immune system, improving the body's ability to fight off infection. Eucalyptus is also used to reduce fever and inflammation.
Considerations
Eucalyptus oil has many other uses. A few drops of the oil mixed with water in a spray bottle makes an effective deodorizer to freshen a room. A few drops of eucalyptus oil added to the wash is a wonderful way to freshen the laundry. Eucalyptus oil is an effective tick repellent and can also kill fleas. Just add a few drops to your dog's bath water. Be sure to rinse your dog thoroughly. Do not use this oil on cats, however.
Warning
Used externally eucalyptus can cause an allergic reaction which may result in a hive-like rash. Eucalyptus is toxic in high doses. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, eucalyptus is not recommended for children age six or younger. Eucalyptus should not be used by women who are pregnant or breast feeding. Consult a physician before using eucalyptus if you are taking any medication. Eucalyptus may interact with certain medications. Eucalyptus is flammable and should be stored away from heat and fire.
Environment
Eucalyptus trees not only benefit humans but the environment as well. They provide food for insects, birds and a variety of herbivores. They grow in a variety of conditions and soil types. They are useful in reclaiming swamp land. Planting eucalyptus trees in such areas can help restore the land since they draw large amounts of water from the soil. This allows for natural drainage of marsh and swamp lands thereby reducing breeding grounds for mosquitoes and the spread of malaria. The eucalyptus tree is a beautiful evergreen with a vast amount of beneficial properties.
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