The lymph nodes are part of the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's immune system. They store lymphatic fluid and lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Cancer of the lymph nodes is called lymphoma, and the most common type is Non-Hodgkins.
Risk Factors
Certain infections, including HIV, the Epstein-Barr virus and hepatitis C can increase the risk of developing lymphoma. Those over age 60 are also at increased risk, according to the American Cancer Society.
Symptoms
Symptoms of lymph node cancer include swelling in the nodes of the neck, armpits or groin area, weight loss, fever, night sweats, difficulty breathing, coughing, persistent weakness, fatigue and abdominal pain.
Causes
Lymphoma occurs when the lymphocytes mutate abnormally or when cancerous cells from other parts of the body spread to the nodes through the blood stream or through the lymphatic system.
Tests
Diagnosing lymphoma involves a physical exam of the lymph nodes, blood tests, CT scans or MRIs to determine location and a biopsy to test the tissue, according to Cancer Treatment Centers of America.
Treatment
Treatment options include surgery to remove the affected lymph nodes, chemotherapy, infusions of cancer-fighting antibodies called monoclonal antibodies, radiation therapy and stem cell transplant.
Tags: lymph nodes, lymphatic system